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WCAG 3.1.6: Pronunciation (Level AAA)

Imagine trying to read a word that could mean two completely different things depending on how it’s pronounced—like “lead” (the metal) or “lead” (to guide).

For screen reader users, words with multiple meanings can be confusing without the right pronunciation cues. Pronunciation ensures that when meaning hinges on pronunciation, helpful hints are provided so users get the full message.

Who this impacts

  • Screen reader users: Pronunciation cues help screen reader users interpret words accurately, especially when the same spelling has different meanings.
  • Language learners: Non-native speakers benefit from pronunciation cues that clarify meaning, reducing potential confusion from ambiguous words.
  • Everyone: Clear pronunciation helps users interpret content accurately, especially for complex or unfamiliar words.

How to meet pronunciation

  • Add pronunciation details: Provide phonetic spellings, tooltips, or other hints for words that might be confusing without context.
  • Use visual or audio aids: Include audio clips or visual pronunciation hints to help users interpret the content as intended.
  • Ensure screen reader compatibility: Test pronunciation cues with screen readers to make sure they work effectively for assistive tech users.

Practical example

An educational site provides phonetic spellings for challenging words, like “epitome (eh-pit-oh-mee),” to help screen reader users understand them correctly.

Top tips

  • Add phonetic hints for tricky words: Use simple phonetic spellings or tooltips for words with complex pronunciations.
  • Consider audio support: For key terms, consider including an audio clip for users to hear the pronunciation directly.
  • Test with assistive technologies: Make sure screen readers recognize and interpret pronunciation cues effectively.

Further reading

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